Special relativity, quantum mechanics, wave-particle duality, the uncertainty principle, and the revolutionary 20th-century physics that redefined our understanding of reality.
7 articles
18 min readIn 1905, a 26-year-old patent clerk named Albert Einstein published four papers that transformed physics. One of them — "On the Electrodynamics of Moving Bodies" — introduced special relativity...
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16 min readThe Sun has been shining for 4.6 billion years and will continue for another 5 billion. The energy source is not chemical — no amount of burning hydrogen gas could sustain that output for geolo...
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14 min readIn 1905 — his miraculous year — Albert Einstein published a paper explaining the photoelectric effect using a radical idea: light comes in discrete energy packets. This insight connects to both...
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15 min readThe speed of light — c = 299,792,458 m/s exactly — is the most fundamental constant in physics. It is the speed at which all electromagnetic radiation travels through a vacuum. It is the speed...
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16 min readLight behaves as a wave: it diffracts through slits, interferes with itself, and has a measurable wavelength. Light also behaves as a particle: the photoelectric effect shows it comes in discre...
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14 min readIn 1927, Werner Heisenberg derived one of the most famous results in all of science: it is fundamentally impossible to simultaneously know the exact position and exact momentum of a quantum par...
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16 min readEvery atom of carbon-14 in your body is slowly decaying. Every gram of uranium in Earth's crust is undergoing spontaneous nuclear transformation. Radioactive decay is the process by which an un...
Read article →Newton's laws, kinematics, projectile motion, momentum, gravitation, and the mat…
Energy, heat, work, internal energy, the laws of thermodynamics, and the kinetic…
Transverse and longitudinal waves, wave speed, frequency, wavelength, interferen…
Electric fields, magnetic fields, circuits, Maxwell's equations, and the unified…
Displacement, velocity, acceleration, equations of motion, and the mathematical …
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